摘要 :
An 'infrastructure turn' across the social and policy sciences is generating a new wave of interdisciplinary enquiry into how infrastructure is shaping urban and regional space. This editorial introduces a virtual special issue th...
展开
An 'infrastructure turn' across the social and policy sciences is generating a new wave of interdisciplinary enquiry into how infrastructure is shaping urban and regional space. This editorial introduces a virtual special issue that charts the evolution of infrastructure as an empirical and conceptual concern within Regional Studies. The issue demonstrates that analysing regions through infrastructure - whether large, capital-intensive projects or more mundane infrastructures - provides a novel and necessary perspective on the regional question.
收起
摘要 :
The shift to building capacity and the loss of regional equilibrium may undermine service delivery and create a hardness issue for governmental and non-governmental organizations. Different countries follow different frameworks fo...
展开
The shift to building capacity and the loss of regional equilibrium may undermine service delivery and create a hardness issue for governmental and non-governmental organizations. Different countries follow different frameworks for regional equilibrium to evaluate the results of their actions. To achieve good regional equilibrium, we have performed a comparative analysis between the 10 existing frameworks and put 5 main criteria along with 60 sub-criteria in a checklist. We examined the method of measuring these components with the help of various indicators and to distribute weight between these indicators, we consulted experts. Finally, Iran is discussed with examples of direct indicators that may be used to measure the sub-criteria of each specific criterion. The quantification process is also shown by several specific representative indicators. For example, Mobile phones to the population, general practitioners per population, health and social employees to the population. Researchers, policy-makers, decision-makers, and decision takers, are those who can use the method studied in this study to assess the level of regional equilibrium in their country specifically and according to the environmental conditions and the current situation in the region.
收起
摘要 :
A 915-MHz wind profiler, a GPS receiver, and surface meteorological sites in and near California's northern Central Valley (CV) provide the observational anchor for a case study on 23-25 October 2010. The study highlights key orog...
展开
A 915-MHz wind profiler, a GPS receiver, and surface meteorological sites in and near California's northern Central Valley (CV) provide the observational anchor for a case study on 23-25 October 2010. The study highlights key orographic influences on precipitation distributions and intensities across northern California during a landfalling atmospheric river (AR) and an associated Sierra barrier jet (SBJ). A detailed wind profiler/GPS analysis documents an intense AR overriding a shallow SBJ at;750m MSL, resulting in record early season precipitation. The SBJ diverts shallow, pre-cold-frontal, incoming water vapor within the AR poleward from the San Francisco Bay gap to the northern CV. The SBJ ultimately decays following the passage of the AR and trailing polar cold front aloft. A statistical analysis of orographic forcing reveals that both the ARand SBJ are crucial factors in determining the amount and spatial distribution of precipitation in the northern Sierra Nevada and in the Shasta-Trinity region at the northern terminus of the CV. As the AR and SBJ flow ascends the steep and tall terrain of the northern Sierra and Shasta-Trinity region, respectively, the precipitation becomes enhanced. Vertical profiles of the linear correlation coefficient quantify the orographic linkage between hourly upslope water vapor flux profiles and hourly rain rate. The altitude of maximum correlation (i.e., orographic controlling layer) is lower for the shallow SBJ than for the deeper AR (i.e., 0.90 versus 1.15km MSL, respectively). This case study expands the understanding of orographic precipitation enhancement from coastal California to its interior. It also quantifies the connection between dry antecedent soils and reduced flood potential.
收起
摘要 :
The validity domain of Energy Finite Element Analysis (EFEA) is studied in this paper. The validity region and criterion of EFEA are studied theoretically from the formation of reverberant plane wave field, one of the main assumpt...
展开
The validity domain of Energy Finite Element Analysis (EFEA) is studied in this paper. The validity region and criterion of EFEA are studied theoretically from the formation of reverberant plane wave field, one of the main assumptions of EFEA. The studies are acquired by virtue of the equation of radiative energy transfer method, a similar wave method that can express the direct field and its conversion relationship with reverberant field exactly. The result shows that the SEA criterion of diffuse field derived by Le Bot can be used as a good indicator for the EFEA validity. Numerical simulations on a rectangular plate with different physical parameters are applied to validate the criterion. The validity region and the diagrams of validity of EFEA are assessed and discussed. Some noteworthy conclusions about EFEA are drawn.
收起
摘要 :
З часу появи сейсмiчнi методы вивчення будови земных надр грунтувались на видiленнi та слiдкуваннi заломлених хвиль. Подальший ...
展开
З часу появи сейсмiчнi методы вивчення будови земных надр грунтувались на видiленнi та слiдкуваннi заломлених хвиль. Подальший розвиток методу заломлених хвиль (МЗХ) був пов'язаний з розробкою методiв обробки та iнтерпретацi спостережених на земнiй поверхнi хвильових полгв для виргшення конкретних завдань реггональноi, гнженерноi та розвгдувальноi сейсмгки. Розглянуто основнг етапи розвитку методгв обробки спостереженого хвильового поля, якг Грунтуються на кгнематичних та динамгчних характеристиках заломлених хвИЛЬ, визначено сучаснг актуальнг завдання, пов'язанг з подальшим розвитком скгнченно-ргзницевог мгграцгi поля цих хвиль.
收起
摘要 :
ZnO nanorods with Sn core regions grown by a thermal evaporation-deposition method from a mixture of SnO2 and ZnS powders as precursors, are used to study the behaviour of liquid metal in the nanotubes' core regions and the format...
展开
ZnO nanorods with Sn core regions grown by a thermal evaporation-deposition method from a mixture of SnO2 and ZnS powders as precursors, are used to study the behaviour of liquid metal in the nanotubes' core regions and the formation of liquid metal nanodrops at the tube ends by in situ TEM experiments. The compositions of the core materials and of the nanodrops were assessed by employing HAADF-STEM imaging and spatially resolved EDXS measurements. By applying variable thermal load through changing the electron-beam flux of the electron microscope, melting of the metallic core can be induced and the behaviour of the liquid metal of the nanorods can be monitored locally. Within the nanorod core, melting and reversible thermal expansion and contraction of Sn core material is reproducibly observed. For nanotubes with core material near-tip regions, a nanodrop emerges from the tip upon melting the core material, followed by reabsorption of the melt into the core and re-solidification upon decreasing the heat load, being reminiscent of a 'soldering nanorod'. The radius of the liquid nanodrop can reach a few tens of nanometres, containing a total volume of 10~(-20) up to 10~(-18) l of liquid Sn. In situ TEM confirms that the radius of the nanodrop can be controlled via the thermal load: it increases with increasing temperature and decreases with decreasing temperature. In addition, some phenomena related to structure modifications during extended electron-beam exposure are also described.
收起
摘要 :
Planning is facing powerful challenges - professionally, intellectually, practically - in ways arguably not seen before. In this editorial we examine whether we have witnessed the withering away of regional planning. Our argument ...
展开
Planning is facing powerful challenges - professionally, intellectually, practically - in ways arguably not seen before. In this editorial we examine whether we have witnessed the withering away of regional planning. Our argument is that planning remains integral to the future of regional studies, but not in the form it once took. We argue for new approaches to planning regional futures. More broadly, this editorial and the Planning Regional Futures issue is an intellectual call-to-arms to engage planners (and those who engage with planning) to critically explore what planning is, and should be, for in how we plan cities and regions.
收起
摘要 :
We report observations from the GPS total electron content (TEC), ionosonde, andMillstone Hill incoherent scatter radar showing some interesting features of the heightprofile of the ionospheric electron density that occurred durin...
展开
We report observations from the GPS total electron content (TEC), ionosonde, andMillstone Hill incoherent scatter radar showing some interesting features of the heightprofile of the ionospheric electron density that occurred during a passage of a storm-enhanced density (SED) plume during the geomagnetic superstorm on 20 November2003. First, the TEC increases to about 6.58 times the quiet day value, while the F peakplasma density (NmF2) only enhances by a factor of 1.37. Second, the F2 layer peakheight (h_m,F2)is dramatically lifted from the quiet time altitude of 250 km to an unusualaltitude of 577 km. Furthermore, the topside Chapman scale height HT is larger by afactor of 6.25 compared to the quiet time value. As a result, the electron density contentwith an a-Chapman function above 700 km contributes about 59% to the total contentduring the SED event. Our analysis shows that during a passage of the SED plume, theenhancement of TEC is mainly attributed to the great increase of HT with a very high hmF2.
收起
摘要 :
Industry 4.0 and digitization are new transformations for regions and metropolises where technologies are applied but regionally can appear as a continuation of innovative processes where it is developed. The divergent presence of...
展开
Industry 4.0 and digitization are new transformations for regions and metropolises where technologies are applied but regionally can appear as a continuation of innovative processes where it is developed. The divergent presence of competences creates a selectivity process among regions. There are individual industry-location-nexuses formed out of competences of industries, labour force and research which are complemented by public policies providing support towards such adaptation of innovation and change. Regional societies formed from skilled and educated labour become an important basis for participation in innovation and supply chains. Since smart factories widely can be managed remotely, this also shows a concentration of decision making. Simultaneously, it forms a polycentric de-concentration, indicating some more important locations as central within the networks. These systematic changes continue to deepen over time. While public policies may match innovative opportunities at the appropriate moment, they also contribute to a continuation of uneven development and divergent societal tendencies. Industry 4.0 and digitization indicate a wide and selective change of organization associated with new technologies and innovation. While some regions and metropolises can continue to build both innovative competences and innovative societies based on innovative labour force, others will participate because of their position in supply chains.
收起
摘要 :
On the basis of citations to articles in regional science journals, this study identifies the most influential scholars in the field during various periods of its first-half century. It distinguishes among the pioneering generatio...
展开
On the basis of citations to articles in regional science journals, this study identifies the most influential scholars in the field during various periods of its first-half century. It distinguishes among the pioneering generation who wrote its formative pieces, the generations who expanded its boundaries, and the current generation whose work is shaping the field and giving it direction. Useful insights into the nature of regional science flow from key facts about its intellectual leaders, including their disciplinary affiliations, periods of active research, and cited work outside the regional science journals. The article also discusses problems with the citation data and limitations of citation studies.
收起
原文获取